DESCRIPTION: Fix bug in global PID assignment for rebalancer
sub-connections
In CI our isolation_shard_rebalancer_progress test would sometimes fail
like this:
```diff
+isolationtester: canceling step s1-rebalance-c1-block-writes after 60 seconds
step s1-rebalance-c1-block-writes:
SELECT rebalance_table_shards('colocated1', shard_transfer_mode:='block_writes');
- <waiting ...>
+
+ERROR: canceling statement due to user request
step s7-get-progress:
```
Source:
https://app.circleci.com/pipelines/github/citusdata/citus/27855/workflows/2a7e335a-f3e8-46ed-b6bd-6920d42f7214/jobs/831710
It turned out this was an actual bug in the way our assigning of global
PIDs interacts with the way we connect to ourselves as the shard
rebalancer. The first command the shard rebalancer sends is a SET
ommand to change the application_name to `citus_rebalancer`. If
`StartupCitusBackend` is called after this command is processed, then it
overwrites the global PID that was extracted from the previous
application_name. This makes sure that we don't do that, and continue to
use the original global PID. While it might seem that we only call
`StartupCitusBackend` once for each query backend, this isn't actually
the case. Whenever pg_dist_partition gets ANALYZEd by autovacuum
we indirectly call `StartupCitusBackend` again, because we invalidate
the cache then.
In passing this fixes two other things as well:
1. It sets `distributedCommandOriginator` correctly in
`AssignGlobalPID`, by using IsExternalClientBackend(). This doesn't
matter much anymore, since AssignGlobalPID effectively becomes a
no-op in this PR for any non-external client backends.
2. It passes the application_name to InitializeBackendData in
StartupCitusBackend, instead of INVALID_CITUS_INTERNAL_BACKEND_GPID
(which effectively got casted to NULL). In practice this doesn't
change the behaviour of the call, since the call is a no-op for every
backend except the maintenance daemon. And the behaviour of the call
is the same for NULL as for the application_name of the maintenance
daemon.
And also citus_calculate_gpid(nodeId,pid). These UDFs are just
wrappers for the existing functions. Useful for testing and simple
manipulation of citus_stat_activity.