/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * shardinterval_utils.c
 *
 * This file contains functions to perform useful operations on shard intervals.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2014-2016, Citus Data, Inc.
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
#include "postgres.h"

#include "access/nbtree.h"
#include "catalog/pg_am.h"
#include "catalog/pg_collation.h"
#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
#include "distributed/shardinterval_utils.h"
#include "distributed/pg_dist_partition.h"
#include "distributed/worker_protocol.h"
#include "utils/catcache.h"
#include "utils/memutils.h"


static ShardInterval * SearchCachedShardInterval(Datum partitionColumnValue,
												 ShardInterval **shardIntervalCache,
												 int shardCount,
												 FmgrInfo *compareFunction);


/*
 * CompareShardIntervals acts as a helper function to compare two shard intervals
 * by their minimum values, using the value's type comparison function.
 *
 * If a shard interval does not have min/max value, it's treated as being greater
 * than the other.
 */
int
CompareShardIntervals(const void *leftElement, const void *rightElement,
					  FmgrInfo *typeCompareFunction)
{
	ShardInterval *leftShardInterval = *((ShardInterval **) leftElement);
	ShardInterval *rightShardInterval = *((ShardInterval **) rightElement);
	Datum leftDatum = 0;
	Datum rightDatum = 0;
	Datum comparisonDatum = 0;
	int comparisonResult = 0;

	Assert(typeCompareFunction != NULL);

	/*
	 * Left element should be treated as the greater element in case it doesn't
	 * have min or max values.
	 */
	if (!leftShardInterval->minValueExists || !leftShardInterval->maxValueExists)
	{
		comparisonResult = 1;
		return comparisonResult;
	}

	/*
	 * Right element should be treated as the greater element in case it doesn't
	 * have min or max values.
	 */
	if (!rightShardInterval->minValueExists || !rightShardInterval->maxValueExists)
	{
		comparisonResult = -1;
		return comparisonResult;
	}

	/* if both shard interval have min/max values, calculate the comparison result */
	leftDatum = leftShardInterval->minValue;
	rightDatum = rightShardInterval->minValue;

	comparisonDatum = CompareCall2(typeCompareFunction, leftDatum, rightDatum);
	comparisonResult = DatumGetInt32(comparisonDatum);

	return comparisonResult;
}


/*
 * CompareShardIntervalsById is a comparison function for sort shard
 * intervals by their shard ID.
 */
int
CompareShardIntervalsById(const void *leftElement, const void *rightElement)
{
	ShardInterval *leftInterval = *((ShardInterval **) leftElement);
	ShardInterval *rightInterval = *((ShardInterval **) rightElement);
	int64 leftShardId = leftInterval->shardId;
	int64 rightShardId = rightInterval->shardId;

	/* we compare 64-bit integers, instead of casting their difference to int */
	if (leftShardId > rightShardId)
	{
		return 1;
	}
	else if (leftShardId < rightShardId)
	{
		return -1;
	}
	else
	{
		return 0;
	}
}


/*
 * FindShardInterval finds a single shard interval in the cache for the
 * given partition column value.
 */
ShardInterval *
FindShardInterval(Datum partitionColumnValue, ShardInterval **shardIntervalCache,
				  int shardCount, char partitionMethod, FmgrInfo *compareFunction,
				  FmgrInfo *hashFunction, bool useBinarySearch)
{
	ShardInterval *shardInterval = NULL;

	if (partitionMethod == DISTRIBUTE_BY_HASH)
	{
		int hashedValue = DatumGetInt32(FunctionCall1(hashFunction,
													  partitionColumnValue));
		if (useBinarySearch)
		{
			Assert(compareFunction != NULL);

			shardInterval = SearchCachedShardInterval(Int32GetDatum(hashedValue),
													  shardIntervalCache, shardCount,
													  compareFunction);
		}
		else
		{
			uint64 hashTokenIncrement = HASH_TOKEN_COUNT / shardCount;
			int shardIndex = (uint32) (hashedValue - INT32_MIN) / hashTokenIncrement;

			Assert(shardIndex <= shardCount);

			/*
			 * If the shard count is not power of 2, the range of the last
			 * shard becomes larger than others. For that extra piece of range,
			 * we still need to use the last shard.
			 */
			if (shardIndex == shardCount)
			{
				shardIndex = shardCount - 1;
			}

			shardInterval = shardIntervalCache[shardIndex];
		}
	}
	else
	{
		Assert(compareFunction != NULL);

		shardInterval = SearchCachedShardInterval(partitionColumnValue,
												  shardIntervalCache, shardCount,
												  compareFunction);
	}

	return shardInterval;
}


/*
 * SearchCachedShardInterval performs a binary search for a shard interval matching a
 * given partition column value and returns it.
 */
static ShardInterval *
SearchCachedShardInterval(Datum partitionColumnValue, ShardInterval **shardIntervalCache,
						  int shardCount, FmgrInfo *compareFunction)
{
	int lowerBoundIndex = 0;
	int upperBoundIndex = shardCount;

	while (lowerBoundIndex < upperBoundIndex)
	{
		int middleIndex = (lowerBoundIndex + upperBoundIndex) / 2;
		int maxValueComparison = 0;
		int minValueComparison = 0;

		minValueComparison = FunctionCall2Coll(compareFunction,
											   DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID,
											   partitionColumnValue,
											   shardIntervalCache[middleIndex]->minValue);

		if (DatumGetInt32(minValueComparison) < 0)
		{
			upperBoundIndex = middleIndex;
			continue;
		}

		maxValueComparison = FunctionCall2Coll(compareFunction,
											   DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID,
											   partitionColumnValue,
											   shardIntervalCache[middleIndex]->maxValue);

		if (DatumGetInt32(maxValueComparison) <= 0)
		{
			return shardIntervalCache[middleIndex];
		}

		lowerBoundIndex = middleIndex + 1;
	}

	return NULL;
}