create or replace function trs_before() returns trigger language plpgsql as $$ BEGIN RAISE NOTICE 'BEFORE STATEMENT %', TG_OP; RETURN NULL; END; $$; create or replace function trs_after() returns trigger language plpgsql as $$ DECLARE r RECORD; BEGIN RAISE NOTICE 'AFTER STATEMENT %', TG_OP; IF (TG_OP = 'DELETE') THEN FOR R IN select * from old_table LOOP RAISE NOTICE ' (%)', r.i; END LOOP; ELSE FOR R IN select * from new_table LOOP RAISE NOTICE ' (%)', r.i; END LOOP; END IF; RETURN NULL; END; $$; create or replace function trr_before() returns trigger language plpgsql as $$ BEGIN RAISE NOTICE 'BEFORE ROW %: (%)', TG_OP, NEW.i; RETURN NEW; END; $$; create or replace function trr_after() returns trigger language plpgsql as $$ BEGIN RAISE NOTICE 'AFTER ROW %: (%)', TG_OP, NEW.i; RETURN NEW; END; $$; create table test_tr(i int) using columnar; create trigger tr_before_stmt before insert on test_tr for each statement execute procedure trs_before(); create trigger tr_after_stmt after insert on test_tr referencing new table as new_table for each statement execute procedure trs_after(); create trigger tr_before_row before insert on test_tr for each row execute procedure trr_before(); -- after triggers require TIDs, which are not supported yet create trigger tr_after_row after insert on test_tr for each row execute procedure trr_after(); insert into test_tr values(1); insert into test_tr values(2),(3),(4); SELECT * FROM test_tr ORDER BY i; drop table test_tr; -- -- test implicit triggers created by foreign keys or partitions of a -- table with a trigger -- create table test_tr_referenced(i int primary key); -- should fail when creating FK trigger create table test_tr_referencing(j int references test_tr_referenced(i)) using columnar; drop table test_tr_referenced; create table test_tr_p(i int) partition by range(i); create trigger test_tr_p_tr after update on test_tr_p for each row execute procedure trr_after(); create table test_tr_p0 partition of test_tr_p for values from (0) to (10); -- create columnar partition should fail create table test_tr_p1 partition of test_tr_p for values from (10) to (20) using columnar; create table test_tr_p2(i int) using columnar; -- attach columnar partition should fail alter table test_tr_p attach partition test_tr_p2 for values from (20) to (30); drop table test_tr_p; create table test_pk(n int primary key); create table test_fk_p(i int references test_pk(n)) partition by range(i); create table test_fk_p0 partition of test_fk_p for values from (0) to (10); -- create columnar partition should fail create table test_fk_p1 partition of test_fk_p for values from (10) to (20) using columnar; create table test_fk_p2(i int) using columnar; -- attach columnar partition should fail alter table test_fk_p attach partition test_fk_p2 for values from (20) to (30); drop table test_fk_p; drop table test_pk; create table test_tr(i int) using columnar; -- we should be able to clean-up and continue gracefully if we -- error out in AFTER STATEMENT triggers. CREATE SEQUENCE counter START 100; create or replace function trs_after_erroring() returns trigger language plpgsql as $$ BEGIN IF nextval('counter') % 2 = 0 THEN RAISE EXCEPTION '%', 'error'; END IF; RETURN NULL; END; $$; create trigger tr_after_stmt_erroring after insert on test_tr referencing new table as new_table for each statement execute procedure trs_after_erroring(); -- -- Once upon a time we didn't clean-up properly after erroring out. Here the first -- statement errors, but the second succeeds. In old times, because of failure in -- clean-up, both rows were visible. But only the 2nd one should be visible. -- insert into test_tr values(5); insert into test_tr values(6); SELECT * FROM test_tr ORDER BY i; drop table test_tr; create table events( user_id bigint, event_id bigint, event_time timestamp default now(), value float default random()) PARTITION BY RANGE (event_time); create table events_p2020_11_04_102965 PARTITION OF events FOR VALUES FROM ('2020-11-04 00:00:00+01') TO ('2020-11-05 00:00:00+01') USING columnar; create table events_trigger_target( user_id bigint, avg float, __count__ bigint ) USING columnar; CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION user_value_by_day() RETURNS trigger LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $function$ BEGIN IF (TG_OP = 'INSERT' OR TG_OP = 'UPDATE') THEN EXECUTE format($exec_format$INSERT INTO %s AS __mat__ SELECT user_id, 0.1 AS avg, pg_catalog.count(*) AS __count__ FROM __ins__ events GROUP BY user_id; $exec_format$, TG_ARGV[0]); END IF; IF (TG_OP = 'DELETE' OR TG_OP = 'UPDATE') THEN RAISE EXCEPTION $ex$MATERIALIZED VIEW 'user_value_by_day' on table 'events' does not support UPDATE/DELETE$ex$; END IF; IF (TG_OP = 'TRUNCATE') THEN EXECUTE format($exec_format$TRUNCATE TABLE %s; $exec_format$, TG_ARGV[0]); END IF; RETURN NULL; END; $function$; create trigger "user_value_by_day_INSERT" AFTER INSERT ON events REFERENCING NEW TABLE AS __ins__ FOR EACH STATEMENT EXECUTE FUNCTION user_value_by_day('events_trigger_target'); COPY events FROM STDIN WITH (FORMAT 'csv'); 1,1,"2020-11-04 15:54:02.226999-08",1.1 2,3,"2020-11-04 16:54:02.226999-08",2.2 \. SELECT * FROM events ORDER BY user_id; SELECT * FROM events_trigger_target ORDER BY user_id; DROP TABLE events;